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+/*************************************************************************
+| COPYRIGHT (c) 2000 BY ABATRON AG
+|*************************************************************************
+|
+| PROJECT NAME: Linux Image to S-record Conversion Utility
+| FILENAME : img2srec.c
+|
+| COMPILER : GCC
+|
+| TARGET OS : LINUX / UNIX
+| TARGET HW : -
+|
+| PROGRAMMER : Abatron / RD
+| CREATION : 07.07.00
+|
+|*************************************************************************
+|
+| DESCRIPTION :
+|
+| Utility to convert a Linux Boot Image to S-record:
+| ==================================================
+|
+| This command line utility can be used to convert a Linux boot image
+| (zimage.initrd) to S-Record format used for flash programming.
+| This conversion takes care of the special sections "IMAGE" and INITRD".
+|
+| img2srec [-o offset] image > image.srec
+|
+|
+| Build the utility:
+| ==================
+|
+| To build the utility use GCC as follows:
+|
+| gcc img2srec.c -o img2srec
+|
+|
+|*************************************************************************
+|
+|
+| UPDATES :
+|
+| DATE NAME CHANGES
+| -----------------------------------------------------------
+| Latest update
+|
+| 07.07.00 aba Initial release
+|
+|*************************************************************************/
+
+/*************************************************************************
+| INCLUDES
+|*************************************************************************/
+
+#include <stddef.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <ctype.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <elf.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+
+extern int errno;
+
+/*************************************************************************
+| DEFINES
+|*************************************************************************/
+
+#define FALSE 0
+#define TRUE 1
+
+/*************************************************************************
+| MACROS
+|*************************************************************************/
+
+/*************************************************************************
+| TYPEDEFS
+|*************************************************************************/
+
+typedef uint8_t CHAR;
+typedef uint8_t BYTE;
+typedef uint16_t WORD;
+typedef uint32_t DWORD;
+typedef int BOOL;
+
+/*************************************************************************
+| LOCALS
+|*************************************************************************/
+
+/*************************************************************************
+| PROTOTYPES
+|*************************************************************************/
+
+static char *ExtractHex(DWORD *value, char *getPtr);
+static char *ExtractDecimal(DWORD *value, char *getPtr);
+static void ExtractNumber(DWORD *value, char *getPtr);
+static BYTE *ExtractWord(WORD *value, BYTE *buffer);
+static BYTE *ExtractLong(DWORD *value, BYTE *buffer);
+static BYTE *ExtractBlock(WORD count, BYTE *data, BYTE *buffer);
+static char *WriteHex(char *pa, BYTE value, WORD *pCheckSum);
+static char *BuildSRecord(char *pa, WORD sType, DWORD addr,
+ const BYTE *data, int nCount);
+static void ConvertELF(char *fileName, DWORD loadOffset);
+int main(int argc, char *argv[]);
+
+/*************************************************************************
+| FUNCTIONS
+|*************************************************************************/
+
+static char* ExtractHex (DWORD* value, char* getPtr)
+{
+ DWORD num;
+ DWORD digit;
+ BYTE c;
+
+ while (*getPtr == ' ') getPtr++;
+ num = 0;
+ for (;;) {
+ c = *getPtr;
+ if ((c >= '0') && (c <= '9')) digit = (DWORD)(c - '0');
+ else if ((c >= 'A') && (c <= 'F')) digit = (DWORD)(c - 'A' + 10);
+ else if ((c >= 'a') && (c <= 'f')) digit = (DWORD)(c - 'a' + 10);
+ else break;
+ num <<= 4;
+ num += digit;
+ getPtr++;
+ } /* for */
+ *value = num;
+ return getPtr;
+} /* ExtractHex */
+
+static char* ExtractDecimal (DWORD* value, char* getPtr)
+{
+ DWORD num;
+ DWORD digit;
+ BYTE c;
+
+ while (*getPtr == ' ') getPtr++;
+ num = 0;
+ for (;;) {
+ c = *getPtr;
+ if ((c >= '0') && (c <= '9')) digit = (DWORD)(c - '0');
+ else break;
+ num *= 10;
+ num += digit;
+ getPtr++;
+ } /* for */
+ *value = num;
+ return getPtr;
+} /* ExtractDecimal */
+
+
+static void ExtractNumber (DWORD* value, char* getPtr)
+{
+ BOOL neg = FALSE;;
+
+ while (*getPtr == ' ') getPtr++;
+ if (*getPtr == '-') {
+ neg = TRUE;
+ getPtr++;
+ } /* if */
+ if ((*getPtr == '0') && ((*(getPtr+1) == 'x') || (*(getPtr+1) == 'X'))) {
+ getPtr +=2;
+ (void)ExtractHex(value, getPtr);
+ } /* if */
+ else {
+ (void)ExtractDecimal(value, getPtr);
+ } /* else */
+ if (neg) *value = -(*value);
+} /* ExtractNumber */
+
+
+static BYTE* ExtractWord(WORD* value, BYTE* buffer)
+{
+ WORD x;
+ x = (WORD)*buffer++;
+ x = (x<<8) + (WORD)*buffer++;
+ *value = x;
+ return buffer;
+} /* ExtractWord */
+
+
+static BYTE* ExtractLong(DWORD* value, BYTE* buffer)
+{
+ DWORD x;
+ x = (DWORD)*buffer++;
+ x = (x<<8) + (DWORD)*buffer++;
+ x = (x<<8) + (DWORD)*buffer++;
+ x = (x<<8) + (DWORD)*buffer++;
+ *value = x;
+ return buffer;
+} /* ExtractLong */
+
+
+static BYTE* ExtractBlock(WORD count, BYTE* data, BYTE* buffer)
+{
+ while (count--) *data++ = *buffer++;
+ return buffer;
+} /* ExtractBlock */
+
+
+static char* WriteHex(char* pa, BYTE value, WORD* pCheckSum)
+{
+ WORD temp;
+
+ static char ByteToHex[] = "0123456789ABCDEF";
+
+ *pCheckSum += value;
+ temp = value / 16;
+ *pa++ = ByteToHex[temp];
+ temp = value % 16;
+ *pa++ = ByteToHex[temp];
+ return pa;
+}
+
+
+static char* BuildSRecord(char* pa, WORD sType, DWORD addr,
+ const BYTE* data, int nCount)
+{
+ WORD addrLen;
+ WORD sRLen;
+ WORD checkSum;
+ WORD i;
+
+ switch (sType) {
+ case 0:
+ case 1:
+ case 9:
+ addrLen = 2;
+ break;
+ case 2:
+ case 8:
+ addrLen = 3;
+ break;
+ case 3:
+ case 7:
+ addrLen = 4;
+ break;
+ default:
+ return pa;
+ } /* switch */
+
+ *pa++ = 'S';
+ *pa++ = (char)(sType + '0');
+ sRLen = addrLen + nCount + 1;
+ checkSum = 0;
+ pa = WriteHex(pa, (BYTE)sRLen, &checkSum);
+
+ /* Write address field */
+ for (i = 1; i <= addrLen; i++) {
+ pa = WriteHex(pa, (BYTE)(addr >> (8 * (addrLen - i))), &checkSum);
+ } /* for */
+
+ /* Write code/data fields */
+ for (i = 0; i < nCount; i++) {
+ pa = WriteHex(pa, *data++, &checkSum);
+ } /* for */
+
+ /* Write checksum field */
+ checkSum = ~checkSum;
+ pa = WriteHex(pa, (BYTE)checkSum, &checkSum);
+ *pa++ = '\0';
+ return pa;
+}
+
+
+static void ConvertELF(char* fileName, DWORD loadOffset)
+{
+ FILE* file;
+ int i;
+ int rxCount;
+ BYTE rxBlock[1024];
+ DWORD loadSize;
+ DWORD firstAddr;
+ DWORD loadAddr;
+ DWORD loadDiff = 0;
+ Elf32_Ehdr elfHeader;
+ Elf32_Shdr sectHeader[32];
+ BYTE* getPtr;
+ char srecLine[128];
+ char *hdr_name;
+
+
+ /* open file */
+ if ((file = fopen(fileName,"rb")) == NULL) {
+ fprintf (stderr, "Can't open %s: %s\n", fileName, strerror(errno));
+ return;
+ } /* if */
+
+ /* read ELF header */
+ rxCount = fread(rxBlock, 1, sizeof elfHeader, file);
+ getPtr = ExtractBlock(sizeof elfHeader.e_ident, elfHeader.e_ident, rxBlock);
+ getPtr = ExtractWord(&elfHeader.e_type, getPtr);
+ getPtr = ExtractWord(&elfHeader.e_machine, getPtr);
+ getPtr = ExtractLong((DWORD *)&elfHeader.e_version, getPtr);
+ getPtr = ExtractLong((DWORD *)&elfHeader.e_entry, getPtr);
+ getPtr = ExtractLong((DWORD *)&elfHeader.e_phoff, getPtr);
+ getPtr = ExtractLong((DWORD *)&elfHeader.e_shoff, getPtr);
+ getPtr = ExtractLong((DWORD *)&elfHeader.e_flags, getPtr);
+ getPtr = ExtractWord(&elfHeader.e_ehsize, getPtr);
+ getPtr = ExtractWord(&elfHeader.e_phentsize, getPtr);
+ getPtr = ExtractWord(&elfHeader.e_phnum, getPtr);
+ getPtr = ExtractWord(&elfHeader.e_shentsize, getPtr);
+ getPtr = ExtractWord(&elfHeader.e_shnum, getPtr);
+ getPtr = ExtractWord(&elfHeader.e_shstrndx, getPtr);
+ if ( (rxCount != sizeof elfHeader)
+ || (elfHeader.e_ident[0] != ELFMAG0)
+ || (elfHeader.e_ident[1] != ELFMAG1)
+ || (elfHeader.e_ident[2] != ELFMAG2)
+ || (elfHeader.e_ident[3] != ELFMAG3)
+ || (elfHeader.e_type != ET_EXEC)
+ ) {
+ fclose(file);
+ fprintf (stderr, "*** illegal file format\n");
+ return;
+ } /* if */
+
+ /* read all section headers */
+ fseek(file, elfHeader.e_shoff, SEEK_SET);
+ for (i = 0; i < elfHeader.e_shnum; i++) {
+ rxCount = fread(rxBlock, 1, sizeof sectHeader[0], file);
+ getPtr = ExtractLong((DWORD *)&sectHeader[i].sh_name, rxBlock);
+ getPtr = ExtractLong((DWORD *)&sectHeader[i].sh_type, getPtr);
+ getPtr = ExtractLong((DWORD *)&sectHeader[i].sh_flags, getPtr);
+ getPtr = ExtractLong((DWORD *)&sectHeader[i].sh_addr, getPtr);
+ getPtr = ExtractLong((DWORD *)&sectHeader[i].sh_offset, getPtr);
+ getPtr = ExtractLong((DWORD *)&sectHeader[i].sh_size, getPtr);
+ getPtr = ExtractLong((DWORD *)&sectHeader[i].sh_link, getPtr);
+ getPtr = ExtractLong((DWORD *)&sectHeader[i].sh_info, getPtr);
+ getPtr = ExtractLong((DWORD *)&sectHeader[i].sh_addralign, getPtr);
+ getPtr = ExtractLong((DWORD *)&sectHeader[i].sh_entsize, getPtr);
+ if (rxCount != sizeof sectHeader[0]) {
+ fclose(file);
+ fprintf (stderr, "*** illegal file format\n");
+ return;
+ } /* if */
+ } /* for */
+
+ if ((hdr_name = strrchr(fileName, '/')) == NULL) {
+ hdr_name = fileName;
+ } else {
+ ++hdr_name;
+ }
+ /* write start record */
+ (void)BuildSRecord(srecLine, 0, 0, (BYTE *)hdr_name, strlen(hdr_name));
+ printf("%s\r\n",srecLine);
+
+ /* write data records */
+ firstAddr = ~0;
+ loadAddr = 0;
+ for (i = 0; i < elfHeader.e_shnum; i++) {
+ if ( (sectHeader[i].sh_type == SHT_PROGBITS)
+ && (sectHeader[i].sh_size != 0)
+ ) {
+ loadSize = sectHeader[i].sh_size;
+ if (sectHeader[i].sh_flags != 0) {
+ loadAddr = sectHeader[i].sh_addr;
+ loadDiff = loadAddr - sectHeader[i].sh_offset;
+ } /* if */
+ else {
+ loadAddr = sectHeader[i].sh_offset + loadDiff;
+ } /* else */
+
+ if (loadAddr < firstAddr)
+ firstAddr = loadAddr;
+
+ /* build s-records */
+ loadSize = sectHeader[i].sh_size;
+ fseek(file, sectHeader[i].sh_offset, SEEK_SET);
+ while (loadSize) {
+ rxCount = fread(rxBlock, 1, (loadSize > 32) ? 32 : loadSize, file);
+ if (rxCount < 0) {
+ fclose(file);
+ fprintf (stderr, "*** illegal file format\n");
+ return;
+ } /* if */
+ (void)BuildSRecord(srecLine, 3, loadAddr + loadOffset, rxBlock, rxCount);
+ loadSize -= rxCount;
+ loadAddr += rxCount;
+ printf("%s\r\n",srecLine);
+ } /* while */
+ } /* if */
+ } /* for */
+
+ /* add end record */
+ (void)BuildSRecord(srecLine, 7, firstAddr + loadOffset, 0, 0);
+ printf("%s\r\n",srecLine);
+ fclose(file);
+} /* ConvertELF */
+
+
+/*************************************************************************
+| MAIN
+|*************************************************************************/
+
+int main( int argc, char *argv[ ])
+{
+ DWORD offset;
+
+ if (argc == 2) {
+ ConvertELF(argv[1], 0);
+ } /* if */
+ else if ((argc == 4) && (strcmp(argv[1], "-o") == 0)) {
+ ExtractNumber(&offset, argv[2]);
+ ConvertELF(argv[3], offset);
+ } /* if */
+ else {
+ fprintf (stderr, "Usage: img2srec [-o offset] <image>\n");
+ } /* if */
+
+ return 0;
+} /* main */
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